(Adapted from Ptacekm Eberhardt, 1996), AAN Guideline Summary for Clinicians
Location
- Quiet , comfortable and private
Structure
- In person, face to face
- Convenient time
- Enough time to ensure no rushing or interruptions
- Make eye contact and sit close to patient
Participants
- Have patient's support network available
What is said
- Find out what the patient already knows about the condition
- Ascertain how much the patient wants to know about the disease
- Give a warning comment that bad news is coming
- Acknowledge and explore patient's reaction and allow for emotional expression
- Summarize the discussion verbally, in writing and/or audiotape
- Allow for questions
Reassurance
- Explain whether the complications of the disease are treatable
- Indicate that every attempt will be made to maintain function and patient's decision will be respected
- Reassure that care for the patient will continue
- Discuss opportunities to participate in research treatment protocols
- Acknowledge willingness to get a second opinion if the patient wishes
How it is said
- Emotional manner : warmth, caring, empathy, respect
- Give news at person's pace; allow patient to dictate what he or she is told
Language
- Simple words, yet direct; no euphemisms or medical jargon
